Fraud proofs

Recent advances in Non-Interactive (NI) ZK Fraud Proofs, like Kailua and OP Succinct Lite, promise faster withdrawals and lower costs for optimistic rollups. We rigorously steel-manned NI designs against a strong threat model and compared them to Interactive Fraud Proofs (like Dave) and ZK Validity Proofs. Our analysis finds that current NI systems are vulnerable to Sybil attacks, coordination failures, and resource exhaustion, preventing true 1-of-N liveness and undermining decentralization. While NI may hold promise, they do not currently deliver the “best of both worlds,” and Interactive Fraud Proofs remain more resilient and cost-effective under adversarial conditions.

Written By Gabriel Coutinho

The Dave algorithm is a next-generation fraud-proof system that balances decentralization, security, and liveness. It allows anyone to participate, withstands Sybil attacks, and resolves disputes efficiently, proving that optimistic rollups can remain secure even against powerful adversaries.

Written By Gabriel Coutinho